The impact of the Renaissance on music essays

The effect of the Renaissance on music expositions In todays times, religion is something that a significant part of the universes populace trusts in. Divine beings, regardless of whether individuals have faith in one or many, are viewed as prevalent creatures in which we can love. Be that as it may, I have as of late took in another manner in observing Gods from the perspective of Aristotle. Whatever is moving is moved by some reason. On the off chance that the moving reason is itself moving, at that point it must be moved by some other cause...the nature of each common article is an unaffected mover...each interminable unaffected mover is a divine being (Robinson, 52). As expressed in the content, this is the manner by which Timothy Robinson summarizes Aristotles perspective on a divine being. At the end of the day, he is stating that everything is moving, and that movement is endless. That everlasting movement has a reason, and that cause has a reason, which is moved by an unaffected mover. This unaffected mover, or cause, is viewed as a divine being. For Aristotle, Gods are not strict the way that we see them. For him, they are the most significant things, close to power and The Soul. Aristotle feels that he needs the Gods to exist on the grounds that the entire idea of them are a logical issue, before the 1600s. The inquiry consistently was, What keeps the universve running? He needs a response to this so the Gods assume that job, they work as a clarification. Before the 1600s, the earth apparently was the focal point of the universe. All around the earth was round and fixed, as it were, not much. The planets and the moon are inside the round shape, just as the circle of the fixed stars. The entirety of the things in the sky stay fixed except for the five planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Every night the planets move marginally, which is the movement of the circles that you need to think about. How the Gods move the circles is the issue. What precisely are the Gods? Aristotle clarifies them as being interminable however not a physical or materia ... <!

Managers :: Business, Transformational Leadership

Associations need directors who are trend-setters since they offer the association an upper hand and monetary development in a period of expanded overall rivalry, mechanical insurgency and quick moving business sector circumstances (Damanpour, and Schneider, 2006). Imaginative supervisors are acceptable in adjusting to new situations conditions since they structure the authoritative culture. Moreover, they propel and empower individual administrators or representatives to assemble the limit with regards to change to happen. Associations need to have numerous inventive administrators since they have an inspirational mentality toward rivalry and business enterprise at the work place. In addition, a manager’s ability to improve in an association is emphatically connected with hierarchical atmosphere (2006). Gumusluoglu, and Ilsev (2009) likewise expresses that association needs to have numerous imaginative troughs since they grow new and better items and administrations. Associat ion needs to have supervisors who are not hesitant to face challenge for development to happen (Hancer, Ozturk, and Ayyildiz, 2009). A supervisor position licenses different representatives to assemble and connect with creative contemplations from both within and outside the association (2009). Associations that have workers that trust each other are bound to succeed (Simmons, 2002). This is on the grounds that trust is the desires or convictions about probability that individual employee’s activities will be advantageous or if nothing else not destructive to his/her advantages. Besides, an association will fail if the administrator isn't trusted in light of the fact that he/she will have broad challenges in setting up any trust with his/her kindred representatives. Additionally, this can result in contrarily influencing the association culture and profitability (2002). Trust is significant for an association since it clarifies the chiefs or workers authoritative exercises, for example, their â€Å"leadership, moral conduct, collaboration, objective setting, execution evaluation, advancement work relations and negations† (Andersen, 2005, p.396). This is on the grounds that trust to a great extent is dependent upon the shared certainty that no side in the relat ionship will misuse the vulnerability of one another (2005). Finally, when workers saw that their administrator don't confide in them, they begin to question the supervisor in a pattern of correspondence (2002). Associations need administrators with trustworthiness since they encourage authoritative consistence and make a positive domain inside the association (Verhezen, 2008). Moreover, directors with trustworthiness have a decent good character, are true, legit, and bound to stay with their qualities (2008). A positive staff view of a chief's authority is related with better occupation fulfillment and workforce maintenance (Jeon, Glasgow, Merlyn, and Sansoni, 2010).

Essay Topics For High School

Essay Topics For High SchoolThere are plenty of ways that you can find essay topics for high school. You'll be able to find a wide variety of topics that you can use for your writing assignments. Some of the most popular topics include health, pets, school, and jobs. These topics are used as essay prompts to get students thinking about various subjects.Each subject has its own benefits and pitfalls when it comes to writing an essay. When you look at the topic list for some of the more popular subjects, it will be easy to see what each subject means to the school and to the students in the class. For example, if you're looking for essays for school health topics, you may be tempted to use the topic of animals. However, these subjects can help students learn about the importance of good health care.The good news is that there are plenty of high school essay topics that have nothing to do with animals. Instead, you will want to find essays on topics such as toys, food, or pets. Dependin g on the subject, you may find topics that involve the importance of caring for your skin or your teeth. Learning how to care for these areas can help students to become healthier and increase their self-esteem.When looking for essay topics for high school, one thing you may want to avoid is the topic of health care. As the teacher and principal, you are not going to want to stress the students out by telling them that they need to care for their health in order to succeed in life. This is why many teachers will opt for the health topic for your essay assignment.Another common topics are those that involve your school or the school district. These topics should include things like band concerts, sports teams, the proms, or school dances. These topics are often chosen to get students involved in the school activities that they take part in every day. If you can find good essay topics for high school that involve sports teams, you will find a lot of students interested in participatin g in these activities.The topic that the students look forward to taking part in has a lot to do with the topic itself. Some of the topics that they take part in may include things like the proms or prom dresses. When you look for essay topics for high school, you should look for topics that make the students want to take part in these events.Of course, the topics that the students take part in may be as varied as the subjects that you can choose from. You can also choose a topic that has to do with a major town or city. This is a great topic for when you look for essay topics for high school. While you may think that this topic is too large to fit into one essay, when you consider all of the subject matter that takes place in that area of the country, you will find that the topics for these essays are quite small.When you are looking for essay topics for high school, there are a variety of topics that you will want to choose from. Some of the most popular topics include health topi cs, school topics, and topics related to the school. Regardless of the topic that you choose, you should be able to find essay topics that you can use in order to give your students the help that they need.

Essay on Contrasting Kand and Hume on Morality - 1510 Words

Morality is central to all rational beings, whereby a moral action is one determined by reason, rather than our personal desires as suggested by Kant (1785) in contrast to Hume. (1738). Furthermore, Kant suggests that an action is moral only on account of its being reasoned, therefore the moral worth of an action is determined by its motives and not by its consequences. Exploring the works of Hume (1738) and Kant(1785) on morality and ethics, we will ask the question whether we should do what is morally right, even when you could profit by doing something wrong, and furthermore, we shall discuss morality as a type of game, yet something you cannot opt out of, as something Foot describes as inescapable. (Foot 1972: 311). Morality and†¦show more content†¦For Hume, reason alone can determine how something is useful to us. He distinguishes between artificial and natural virtues; with artificial virtues depending on social structures, such as chastity, and natural virtues which are created in nature and are more universal for example friendship. A major argument for Hume is that reasons do not govern our actions, in fact reason is a slave to the passions.(Hume in Signer 1994). Hume says that in fact our actions are cause by a combination of value and emotion. In fact, reason influences our actions in only two ways: by guiding passions to focus on objects and by uncovering connections between events that will in fact create passions. The judgments a person makes about relations of ideas or about ideas themselves may be reasonable or unreasonable, but the judgments do not result in anything other than opinions. For the moral method to work, the judgments must stir up passions, which then lead us to act. If we are to consider both Kant and Humian ethics, the differences are many from their very definitions. Kantian ethics rely on rationality, whilst for Humian ethics assert that reason alone is not enough to ensure action, instead its our passions. So the qu estion is, why should we act morally good if we could profit from behaving morally bad? Kantian ethics would say that we have a duty to act morally good, but where

The Nuclear Crisis Of Hiroshima And Hiroshima - 836 Words

Let us first consider each text’s portrayal of the nuclear meltdown at Grafenrheinfeld. While both texts draw parallels between nuclear accidents and nuclear warfare, Pausewang’s emphasis on the latter highlights a Cold War era fear of intentional nuclear annihilation. Consider, for example, how the survivors of the Grafenrheinfeld disaster are publicly called â€Å"Hibakusha,† a direct reference to the survivors of the 1945 nuclear bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. This name, according to Natalie Eppelsheimer, â€Å"suggests†¦no difference between the dangers of civilian and military nuclear policy: surviving victims of radiation of a nuclear disaster must live with the same consequences as the surviving victims of an atomic bomb† (23 my translation). Thus, both texts emphasise how civilian use of nuclear technology carries many of the dangers of military use. But while Hage’s text is content with this association, Pausewang’s proceeds still further: â€Å"the refugees after the [Second World] War were seen just as unfavourably [as Grafenrheinfeld’s survivors],† explains one Hibakusha to another, â€Å"[e]ven though they weren’t radioactive† (92). Here, Die Wolke explicitly equates the threats of nuclear disaster and warfare, and indeed combines them into an implied threat of nuclear holocaust: after Hiroshima, warfare is as potentially deadly as a nuclear disaster, and via Hitler or Chernobyl, each has come to Germany in the last fifty years. Of course, Pausewang is not alone in drawing thisShow MoreRelatedWar: Nuclear Power1087 Words   |  5 Pagesleader and nuclear power and was competing with the Soviet Union to create huge stockpiles of nuclear weapons. However, even though the Cold War ended, nuclear weapons are still a threat. Countries around the world strive to create nuclear power, and they do not promise to use it for peaceful purposes. Some examples of the struggles ca used by nuclear weapons include the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and Iran’s recent nuclear weapon program. Surely, nuclear weaponsRead MoreThe Debate Over The Atomic Bomb On Hiroshima And Nagasaki1383 Words   |  6 Pages The debate over the impact of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki concerns the ethical, legal and military controversies surrounding the United States atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This tragedy occurred on two occasions; the 6th and the 9th of August 1945, and signified the conclusion of the Second World War, 1939-1945. There were many questionable motives involved in the event, as such a decision required moral certainty. Proceeding the bombings, the terms of surrender forRead MoreSignificance Of The Manhattan Project And Nuclear Threat On Australia And The War1636 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate the Significance of the Manhattan Project and Nuclear Threat having Impact on Australia and the War Sub-questions – - What was the Cold War? - Who were the inventers of the bomb? And what did they do after? - What was the significance of the bomb to the war and Australia? - The Expectation of the first Nuclear War - Nuclear Threat having impact on Australia? Word Count = 1191 What was the Cold War? The Cold War was the name of the relationship between the United States of America, and Post-1977Read MoreNuclear Weapons : A Necessity Or Nonsense?879 Words   |  4 PagesNuclear weaponry: A necessity or nonsense? Scientific breakthroughs in the 1930s led the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada to collaborate during World War 2 in an undercover venture named the â€Å"Manhattan project† aiming to create weaponry utilising nuclear fission. By 1945 a nuclear bomb called â€Å"Little boy† was created, and dropped on Hiroshima in August 1945. This is important as it was the first and only time an atomic bomb has been used on a populated area, and it was a method of analysingRead MoreNuclear War : Power Versus Peace Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesNuclear War: Power Versus Peace In today’s society people must consider the possible devastation a major war could bring to the world and society as a whole. Throughout history the US has successfully avenged threats made to our nation, homes, and citizens but, what if the menace becomes mass destruction? According to Johan Galtung, the author of On the Social and Cultural Implications of Nuclear War, a war with such ambivalent outcomes would produce a more broken world, stating, â€Å"We live alreadyRead MorePersuasive Essay On The Atomic Bomb1656 Words   |  7 PagesIntroductionï’ £ In 1945, two atomic bombs were dropped over Japan on Hiroshima and Nagasaki which resulted in thousands of civilian deaths and a detrimental impact on the environment. Some people would say that the bombing was necessary to end the war, but in the same breath would say that it was inhumane. Other standpoints say that Japan was already on their way to surrender. What would the world be like if the bombs weren’t dropped; or even created? Other Optionsï’ £ When thinking of other optionsRead MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor And Hiroshima1180 Words   |  5 Pagesmost was not needed or didn’t work. Some think one of these hasty and rash decisions as using nuclear weapons to nuke Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This action was taken for multiple reasons, including to responding to the adversity of the attack on Pearl Harbor and to ending the war at the earliest possible moment. This deleterious attack, though, annihilated the lives of approximately 66,000 in Hiroshima from the acute effects of the â€Å"Little Boy† bomb and about 35,000 more in Nagasaki from the â€Å"FatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The House On 92nd Street 801 Words   |  4 Pageslife magazine, there were many photographs of the bombs dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima. The photographs gave Americans the first look of the after effects of an atomic bomb in that period. Many Hollywood movie producers and script writers put the atomic bombs attack that occur red in Hiroshima in films. The movie The House on 92nd Street aired in 1945 and became the first ever feature film to incorporate a nuclear bomb. In the movie, Nazi agents work in the city of New York during the SecondRead MoreNuclear Weapons Nuclear Warfare Essay1052 Words   |  5 PagesNuclear Weapons Nuclear Warfare Throughout half the century of the 19’s hundreds a period of new advancements in the creations of a bomb had arisen. On August 8th, 1939 President Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein which ended up being the fundamental support in the creation of the Atomic Bomb. There are two types of atomic bombs fusion and fission, the first atomic bomb was created in 1939 by the Manhattan Project, three weeks later after its first test, itRead MoreInternational Organizations: OPANAL 870 Words   |  4 Pages The Agency of Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (OPANAL) is one international organizations involved with Guatemala. But to keep this organization alive and well, there are a few points that established OPANAL’s representation. Firstly, is how did OPANAL form. Secondly, what was the purpose of OPANAL. Thirdly, what other countries OPANAL belong to. Fourthly, what if any, measures have OPANAL taken to enforce their rules or guidelines. Finally, how does OPANAL influence international relations with

Essay on Impact of the Financial Crisis on Banking Sector

Impact of the Financial Crisis on Banking Sector The current financial crisis, which started in the Unites States, has dominated the headlines all around the world since summer 2007. The world has been experiencing one of the most severe crises such as the Great Depression from 1929. This started as a subprime crisis with problems in the subprime mortgage market in the USA in 2007 which spread throughout the world. This subprime turmoil turned soon to a global financial crisis and turnaround to a worldwide recession (Calomiris, 2008). The effect of the financial crisis resulted in problems in the financial systems of many countries. The objective of this paper is to get an overview of the impacts of the current financial crisis on the†¦show more content†¦In other U.K. based failed banks are HSBC Holding PCL, Royal Bank of Scotland, Barclays Plc, HBOS Plc, Loyds TSB Group Plc, Alliance Leicester (Anonymous, 2008). In the first stage of crisis UK based banks also showed that they have adequate capital to absorb potential l osses but after September 2008 major banks declared their losses one by one because there was a sudden increase in the number of borrowers defaulting on loans due to decreased in commercial and residential property prices. Moreover, banks asked for help from the government to stop the further losses on lending. The government has taken to improve banks capital positions. As a result, the government injected capital to some banks in the shape of bailout packages. According to Bank ´s Credit Conditions Survey in April 2008 reported an intention to increase the availability of corporate and secured household credit over the following three months. Governments’ actions should provide some support to lending over the coming year. In return for access to the APS, Royal Bank of Scotland and Lloyds Banking group, each of these banks made a lending commitment. In addition, Northern Rock has been directed by the government to no longer reduce its mortgage book. In contrast, Barclays and HSBC have announced an intention to expand their netShow MoreRelatedBanking Sectors and Financial Crisis in the UAE and GCC Countries890 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Banking Sectors Financial Crisis in the UAE GCC Countries Chapter Two Table of Contents I. UAE GCC Countries Economy Overview Overview of the Banking Sector. Islamic and conventional Banking principles. The structure of Islamic Banking in UAE GCC Countries Islamic Banks operating in the UAE GCC Countries Central Bank Federal Law II. The financial crisis in the UAE GCC Countries. Causes of the financial crisis. Effects of the financial crisis. Banking Sector beforeRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of India1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The Global financial sector had seen one of the worst Global economic meltdown of staggering proportions. The root cause of the problem was substandard loans offered to a large number of customers with inadequate income by the United States Mortgage market. This crisis was commonly known as the Sub-prime crisis. These sub-prime mortgages were packaged and traded into securitized paper investments and were sold by the major financial institutions across the globe. Subsequently, theseRead MoreFactors That Affects The Global Economy And Its Impact On The Nigeria And Egypt Economy1568 Words   |  7 Pagesthat affects the global economy and their impact on the Nigeria and Egypt economy. In 2007, the financial crisis, which later extended to the global financial crisis began in the United States of America. The origin and elements of the 2007/2012 global financial crisis have been widely discussed in the literature throughout the period. The aim of this work is to, however, try to point out the reasons and also the macroeconomic effects of the financial crisis in both countries economy and the resultingRead MoreThe Structure, Conduct and Recent Performance of the Uk Banking Sector1105 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Before discussing the structure, conduct and recent performance of the UK banking sector, it is useful to provide an insight in the recent global financial crisis caused by the sub-prime mortgage crisis initiated in the US and underline its effects on the banking industry in the UK. It all started with the collapse of the housing bubble in the US, as borrowers were no longer able to meet their financial obligations and as consequence many of these subprime mortgages became default and theRead MoreImpact of the Economic Global Crisis: Current Situation and Prospects in the Philippines1677 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of the Economic Global Crisis: Current Situation and Prospects in the Philippines Asia in general was not affected by the current global financial crisis (1). The source of the crisis did not come from the developing countries as seen in the 1990s during the Asian crisis. In 2008 - 2009, the developed world initiated the global financial crisis with the sub prime lending implosion; thus, affected the rest of the world. The Philippines in particular did not fall into a recession since theRead MoreIndian Financial Sector: Focus on Indian Banking Environment1118 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction - Financial sector overview Indian Financial Sector is a well diversified arena experiencing high growth and development. The financial sector of India is comprised of commercial banks, insurance companies, non-banking cooperations, pension and mutual fund houses and lot more other financial institutions serving the Indian Economy. However, the financial sector is a major ly dominated by the Bankin Sector where the commercial banks comprise of 60 percent of total assets held by theRead MoreRole Of Financial Sector On The United Kingdom1400 Words   |  6 Pagesinto trouble should be allowed to fail. Present The role of the financial services is vital to the United Kingdom, as it gives support to businesses and enables the economy to grow. The sector offers products and services which has a significant impact on the UK’s economy and forms one of the few world-class sectors. The significance of financial sector in an advanced economy implies that it is fundamental for financial development to provide support for a focused and strong money related frameworkRead MoreMonetary Crises And What Possible Learning Could This Provide For Governments Today?1416 Words   |  6 Pagescountries responded to past financial crises and what possible learning could this provide for governments today? Recession triggered by financial crisis has a tendency to last longer and be more painful than â€Å"normal† recessions. Past financial crises have different causes and the influences on different countries are diverse, but analysis of key impacts of them can provide insight into the management of the current crisis. Responses of various countries to past financial crises will be discussed belowRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis and The Regulation of Investment Banks1154 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States both from individuals and corporate. The global financial environment has over the last decade experienced enough changes as can be witnessed from the key economic indicators. These changes have significantly impacted various stakeholders such as financial markets, money markets, capital markets and the general micro and macro economics players. Countries have been hit by recession and economic meltdowns. The impacts of these changes are different across various countries, tradingRead MoreThe Dynamics Of Banking And Financial Reform1447 Words   |  6 PagesA) The Dynamics of Banking and Financial Reform After the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the G-20 became the most important forum for economic cooperation . Its positive impact in the realm of financial regulation can be determined by two main results. Firstly, the most important emerging nations were included in the premier league, thus rebalancing most part of worldwide financial authorities, increasing the number of players who now participate in financial regulation. Secondly, the G-20 started

Impact of E-commerce on Fashion Retail

Question: Write about theImpact of E-commerce on Fashion Retail. Answer: Introduction With the globalization and the rapid growth in the information technology, the e-commerce industry has developed drastically. It has intervened in all the consumer goods industry along with the fashion industry. The e-commerce concept refers to the process in which the companies sell their products through online mediums. The fashion industry is a global industry with very long supply chain in which various processes such as production of fiber and yarn, garmenting and retailing occurs. Previously, the fashion industry was a local industry in which the garments and the textiles were designed and produced near customers (Agarwal Durga, 2016). In the last two decades, the fashion industry all across the globe has faced several structural and disruptive changes. These changes have occurred due to the globalization, technology emergence and sustainability issues. In this essence, the present literature review examines the view of the various prominent authors regarding the impact of the e-commerce industry on the fashion industry in Australia. Impact of E-commerce Industry on the Fashion Retail in Australia According to Saha (2015), various technological developments such as the use of internet and e-commerce are transforming the fashion industry. There are three main stakeholders in the fashion industry, namely producers, retailers and the designers. However, with the emergence of the internet, the fashion industry is more driven by the consumer demands and the preferences. The consumers are becoming more specific regarding the fabrics, colors, prints and style of their clothes. Burt Sparks (2003) have stated that previously, the fashion retailers used to access the online retailers through physical stores only. However, in the recent years the rise of the e-commerce and the m-commerce has reduced the distinction between the online and the offline medium rapidly. The impact of the internet on the retailers is to increase the access of the fashion retailers to their customers. With the internet, the fashion retailers are able to connect with their customers in a new manner. Moreover, they do not need a specific floor design and tremendous space to reach their potential customers. The physical stores have become a part of the communication and the sales strategy of the organizations rather than being the only way to connect to the customers. Steel, et al. (2013) have discussed that although was estimated that the reduction in the importance of the physical stores would result in less interesting designs, the opportunity to the retail stores to communicate and build their online brand has resulted to create more impactful and attractive physical store design. Moreover, the opportunity to the fashion organizations to use both the physical stores as well as the online stores has been useful to create strong brand awareness and customer loyalty. The e-commerce industry has also been integral in identifying the needs and the preferences of the customers. Presently, the consumers can pick dresses from much larger and varied collection of dresses. The shoppers and the e-commerce have been responsible for it. The fashion companies are using e-commerce shopping patterns to examine the choice of the customers. The omni-channel retailing has integrated the experience of online and offline shopping. The retailers who are using both the approaches have been benefited in the number of retail sales. According to Kim, Jin Park, (2009), the online retail in the fashion industry has increased drastically. The number of factors responsible for the sales of the e-commerce sector can be classified as digital penetration, limitation of the physical stores, growth of internet habitual customers and the improved supply chain of the fashion industry. The digital penetration has increased with the convergence of the physical and digital retail space. The digital penetration has reduced the cost to the companies with the penetration of the smartphones and the internet penetration. According to Flavin, Guinalu (2007), with the increase of the internet users, the internet habitual users are rapidly growing all across the globe. The internet habitual users are the consumers who are increasingly dependent upon the users. They are habitual and adept in performing complex task on the internet. With the growing usage of the internet users, e-retailing is growing at a fast pace. Recently, the phenomenon of the social-e-commerce has also emerged in which the social media users are posting pictures of their outfits and also showing it to other customers and details are provided regarding the places at which others can buy it. Burke (2002) has discussed that the organized retail or the fashion retail has been in the market for many years. However, the percent contribution to the total sales has declined due to the structural issues faced by the physical stores. The most important challenge in the physical presence is that most of the retail outlets are present in the large cities and cannot fulfill the increasing desire of citizens in the smaller cities. This issue in the physical presence of the retail stores is increasing the demand of online channels because of its wide reach and capability to deliver at very small regions where the presence of the physical stores is not viable or take several years to reach. Due to the easy access of the online retail, several fashion retail brands have entered in the online retail category. Trusov, Bucklin, Pauwels (2009) have stated that the marketing and the promotional strategies of the e-commerce companies have also increased the penetration of the e-commerce in the fashion industry. The availability of discounts and promotion, easy returns, EMIs, mass media campaign and fast delivery has increased the popularity of the e-commerce companies. Moreover, 3D trial rooms have provided the option of the virtual trials for apparel and lifestyle products for the customers who want to try the fashion product before using it. According to the perception of Park, Kim, Funches and Foxx, (2012) the fashion industry is a fast evolving market segment and the customer expectations is changing the structure of this industry. The e-commerce fashion companies need to understand the customer preference and change their proposition accordingly. It is also important for the companies to constantly innovate their products to remain profitable in hypercompetitive marketplace. Ko, Kim an Lee (2009) have stated that with the popularity of internet and the mobile devices, the mobile commerce has become the new service frontier. With the increased business competition, the mobile commerce has become the most common tool for the communication between the business enterprises and the customers. The mobile commerce refers to the indirect and the direct transactions which involves a monetary value and conducted on an online medium or telecommunication network. The m-commerce involves several kinds of transactions such as auctions, shopping and mobile phone services. The m-commerce is an extension of the e-commerce; however, it is considered as a separate channel which provides convenience and accessibility from any place and time. Therefore, the mobile commerce can be commonly used in a number of contexts. The mobile is commonly used for delivering numerous value-added services to the customers along with the traditional entertainment and communication facilities . Therefore, the marketing managers are effectively using m-commerce to increase the individual adoption intentions of the customers. With the development of the IT and the internet infrastructure, the fashion companies are adopting the opportunity of mobile retail to increase their customer base. There are certain factors in the mobile commerce such as ubiquity, instant connectivity, localization and personalization which has increased the popularity of m-commerce in the industry. Vecchi (2016) has stated that as the large fashion companies have started relying on the e-commerce industry to gain more customers, the small and the medium enterprises are also trying to grow by using e-commerce. The clothing industry in the e-commerce is using designers, manufactures, e-retailers and customers in an online platform. As a result, the fashion companies in the e-business are entering through the medium of business-to-business (B2B) and business to customer (B2C) business models. The fashion industry in the e-commerce has also well-developed as few companies are selling a specific products whereas other companies are using diversity of products. Accordng to Gunasekaran et al. (2002) with the emergence of the e-business, there has been a shift of impact from manufacturers to retailers. The traditional supply chain of the fashion company used to concentrate on product rather than customer relationship. However, the paradigm has shifted now and the companies are focusing on providing the customers with a better shopping experience and diversity of choices. It is due to the fact that providing customers with effective services will increase the customer loyalty in the organization. The e-commerce in the fashion industry is in nascent stage; however, it has tremendous potential for the business organizations. The e-commerce has also assisted in creating collaborative network which reduces the logistics cost. It is also reducing the intermediate links between the apparel manufacturers and the end consumers which can assist the apparel companies in reducing the cost of the inventory and increasing the transaction efficiency. With t he e-commerce, the companies can react quickly to the market changes. The e-commerce also provides equal opportunities to all the companies; therefore, the small companies are also able to break the monopoly of the apparel market. The successful e-commerce strategy can be used for the development of apparel brands in international markets. According to Brynjolfsson Smith, (2000) the e-commerce can also be used for the online marketing purposes and confronting the competitors from the fast fashion industry. The e-commerce can assist the fashion companies to invest in the promotion and marketing activities with better results. It involves the specific use of the online mediums. Taylor Cosenza (2000) have stated that the e-shoppers have certain characteristics which distinguish them from the traditional shoppers. According to the literature, e-shoppers are not a homogenous population and both males and females commonly use internet for shopping. However, in the upcoming trends, e-shopping will be more frequently used by the women shoppers rather than male shoppers. The average women e-shopper is in her thirties with a high household income. Moreover, a large number of women shop online because it is easy. The result shows that price is not the most critical component in the decisions to shop online. With the e-commerce, the consumers can not only buy new product but they can also browse different products in the same category. In the selection of the e-commerce websites, the customers also give preference to the ease-of-use, product selection, information, website navigation, delivery time and customer support. In Australia also, the retail industry has gone through various changes in the recent years. The most important impact of the e-commerce is that it is becoming a significant channel for the revenue growth of the retailers in Australia. If the fashion companies are trying to achieve sustainable growth in this highly competitive market, they should focus on the integration between the online channels and the physical supply chain. Troselj (2015) has stated that in Australia, the local and the overseas online retail purchases amount to 25 billion Australian dollars a year. However, in the Australian e-commerce industry, about 50% of the revenue goes to the maintenance of the overseas sites; therefore, it has become important for the retail organizations to sell online. Moreover, the facilities in the overseas has also disrupted the previous model of traditional single supply chain and a large number of retailers are finding it difficult to handle the ever-increasing expectations of the consumer regarding the speed of delivery and low cost. In Australia, the distances between the major cities are also larger, which makes it crucial for the retail businesses to have an efficient supply chain. According to Lewis Cockrill (2002), the companies should focus on maintaining robust yet flexible supply chain. The supply chain should be the able to meet the changing demands of the consumers in an effective manner. The supply chain is the most vulnerable part of the e-commerce business as proper and on-time delivery of the products depends on the supply chain. Once the business partners are connected, they depend on each other for keeping their promises. References Agarwal, S., Durga, P. (2016). A Study on the Challenges Faced by Retailers as a Consequence of Online Shopping. International Journal, 4(7). Brynjolfsson, E., Smith, M. D. (2000). Frictionless commerce? A comparison of Internet and conventional retailers. Management science, 46(4), 563-585. Burke, R. R. (2002). Technology and the customer interface: what consumers want in the physical and virtual store. Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, 30(4), 411-432. Burt, S., Sparks, L. (2003). E-commerce and the retail process: a review. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 10(5), 275-286. Flavin, C., Guinalu, M. (2007). Development and validation of familiarity, reputation and loyalty scales for internet relationships. Esic market, 157-188. Gunasekaran, A., Marri, H. B., McGaughey, R. E., Nebhwani, M. D. (2002). E-commerce and its impact on operations management. International journal of production economics, 75(1), 185-197. Kim, J., Jin Ma, Y., Park, J. (2009). Are US consumers ready to adopt mobile technology for fashion goods? An integrated theoretical approach. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 13(2), 215-230. Ko, E., Kim, E.Y., Lee, E.K. (2009). Modeling Consumer Adoption of Mobile Shopping for Fashion Products in Korea. Psychology and Marketing 26(7), 669-687. Lewis, R., Cockrill, A. (2002). Going globalremaining local: The impact of e-commerce on small retail firms in Wales. International Journal of Information Management, 22(3), 195-209. Park, E.J., Kim, E.Y., Funches, V.M. and Foxx, W., 2012. Apparel product attributes, web browsing, and e-impulse buying on shopping websites. Journal of Business Research, 65(11), pp.1583-1589. Patterson, M., Leahy, A. (2009). The Impact of E-Commerce on Traditional Retailers Case Study: Nordstrom. Saha, A. (2015). A Study on The impact of online shopping upon retail trade business. IOSR Journal of Business and Management 74-78. Steel, W., Daglish, T., Marriott, L., Gemmell, N., Howell, B. (2013). E-Commerce and its effect upon the Retail Industry and Government Revenue. Taylor, S. L., Cosenza, R. M. (2000). The impact of e-commerce on the merchandising of womens clothing in traditional shopping centers/malls. Journal of Shopping Center Research, 7(2), 46-66. Troselj, M. (2015). Impact of E-Commerce Integration on Supply Chains. Power Retail. https://www.powerretail.com.au/editorial-2/impact-e-commerce-integration-supply-chains/ Trusov, M., Bucklin, R. E., Pauwels, K. (2009). Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site. Journal of marketing, 73(5), 90-102. Vecchi, A. (2016). Handbook of Research on Global Fashion Management and Merchandising. IGI Global.